Pilocytic astrocytoma is a relatively rare type of brain tumour that primarily affects children and young adults. While it is generally considered a low-grade tumour, its impact on patients' lives can vary. In this blog, we'll explore pilocytic astrocytoma, including its symptoms, available treatments, and prognosis.
Pilocytic astrocytoma is a type of glioma, a tumour that originates from glial cells in the brain. Unlike more aggressive forms of gliomas, such as glioblastoma multiforme, pilocytic astrocytomas are generally slow-growing and often encapsulated. They are most commonly found in the posterior fossa, which includes the cerebellum and brainstem, but can occur in other areas of the brain as well.
What are the symptoms of pilocytic astrocytoma:
Headaches: Persistent headaches, often accompanied by nausea, can be an early sign of pilocytic astrocytoma.
Vision Changes: Tumours near the optic nerve can lead to vision problems, including blurry or double vision.
Coordination Issues: The location of the tumour may impact coordination and balance, leading to difficulties in walking or performing fine motor tasks.
Seizures: In some cases, pilocytic astrocytomas can cause seizures, particularly if they affect regions of the brain responsible for controlling electrical activity.
It's important to note that the symptoms can vary based on the tumour's location and size, and they may develop gradually over time.
What are the treatments of pilocytic astrocytoma?
Diagnostic Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly used to visualize the tumour and determine its location, size, and characteristics.
Surgery: The primary treatment for pilocytic astrocytoma often involves surgical removal of the tumour. Due to their slow growth and encapsulated nature, complete removal is often possible.
Radiation Therapy: In cases where complete removal is challenging, radiation therapy may be recommended to target remaining tumour cells.
Chemotherapy: While less common than in higher-grade gliomas, chemotherapy may be considered in certain cases, especially if the tumour recurs.
What is the prognosis for pilocytic astrocytoma?
The prognosis for pilocytic astrocytoma is generally favorable. Many patients experience long-term survival and, in some cases, a complete cure following surgical removal. The slow growth rate and tendency to be non-invasive contribute to the positive outlook.
However, the prognosis can vary based on factors such as the tumour's location, size, and the success of surgical removal. Recurrence is possible but is often manageable with additional treatments.